A.
Global challenges refer to complex and interconnected issues that transcend national borders, affecting humanity as a whole. These include climate change, poverty, conflicts, pandemics, and inequality. Addressing these challenges requires coordinated efforts, innovative solutions, and sustained commitment from governments, organizations, and individuals.

B.
The effects of climate change, such as rising temperatures and extreme weather, threaten ecosystems and livelihoods worldwide. Economic inequality continues to widen the gap between the rich and poor, while conflicts and political instability displace millions. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted global vulnerabilities in healthcare systems and economic stability. Together, these issues demand urgent and holistic approaches.

C.
Efforts to combat global challenges focus on collaboration, technology, and sustainability. International agreements like the Paris Climate Accord aim to curb greenhouse gas emissions, while organizations such as the United Nations work to promote peace and development. Technology, such as renewable energy and artificial intelligence, is also pivotal in addressing these challenges. Community engagement and education further empower people to take action.

D.
Statistics highlight the scale and urgency of these challenges. According to the World Bank, over 700 million people live in extreme poverty, surviving on less than $1.90 per day. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports that global temperatures are expected to rise by 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels by 2040. On the positive side, renewable energy usage has grown by 40% in the past decade, and international aid has helped reduce child mortality rates by 50% since 1990. These trends underscore the need for both continued efforts and innovative solutions.

E.
Global challenges require a united and sustained response. By fostering collaboration, leveraging technology, and prioritizing sustainable practices, humanity can address these pressing issues. While progress has been made, ongoing efforts are essential to build a more equitable, resilient, and sustainable future for all. The responsibility to act lies with every individual, organization, and government.

Global Challenges Reading Exercise

Reading Exercise

1. What is the primary focus of the passage?

2-5. Match each paragraph (A-E) to its main idea:

  1. Definition of global challenges:
  2. Examples of major global issues:
  3. Solutions and strategies:
  4. Key statistics and trends:

6-10. True, False, or Not Given:

  1. Global warming is the only global challenge.
  2. Renewable energy usage has increased recently.
  3. Extreme poverty affects 700 million people.
  4. AI can help address global challenges.
  5. Child mortality rates have doubled since 1990.

11-14. Fill in the blanks: Cause & Effect

Climate change results in weather patterns, while international cooperation helps reduce risks.

Education and awareness empower individuals to global challenges.

15-18. Fill in the graph data (No more than 5 words):

  1. People living in extreme poverty:
  2. Rise in renewable energy usage:
  3. Projected temperature increase by 2040:
  4. Reduction in child mortality rates:

19-20. Fill in the gaps (Two words):

  1. Successful solutions rely on
  2. Challenges demand